Western Martial Arts (WMA) is a term that refers to any structured fighting system that has historical roots in Europe. Many of these combat systems have fallen out of practice over time, while others have evolved into modern sports such as boxing and fencing. Unlike their Eastern counterparts, which maintained a strong historical tradition (passing knowledge directly from one person to the next), some WMA have not been actively practiced for hundreds of years.

Luckily, many of these combat systems were recorded in manuscripts which still survive to this day. From these documents, WMA researchers and practitioners have been able to recreate many of these martial arts and are slowly beginning the process of reintroducing them into modern society.

Formed in 2001, the Ottawa Medieval Sword Guild defines itself as a company of Men at Arms specializing in fourteenth century armoured combat, and dedicated to the development and restoration of traditional western martial arts. Born from the Academy of European Medieval Martial Arts (AEMMA), the Guild shares many of the same training methods and principles and still maintains close ties with its parent group.

The OMSG is not a formal academy or school, but rather a forum for its members to gather, research, train, and socialize in the ways of the medieval warrior.

Currently, the Guild's main focus is the martial system presented in the manuscript Flower of Battle written in 1410 by Master Fiore dei Liberi. In addition, the Guild draws upon many other historical sources to develop its skills in grappling, dagger, sword, spear, poleaxe, archery, and horsemanship.

In keeping with its image of fourteenth century Men at Arms, besides research and interpretation, Guild members also enjoy partaking in authentic medieval combat and actively seek out tournaments and opportunities to prove their martial prowess. The Guild also enjoys participating in live demonstrations for schools and the public for educational purposes.